The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Martinsburg Shops is a historic railroad complex built in in 1866. Earlier repair shops were destroyed during the Civil War. After the war, this new complex became an even more important repair and maintenance site for trains and is known for its large domed roundhouse, the oldest remaining in the United States and possibly the world.

It was also the starting point of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the first national labor protest in U.S. history.