Despite over 80 years of economic ups and many downs, West Virginia is well-positioned for a comeback. It ranks high in U.S. energy production, especially coal and natural gas. In 2024, it was the number two coal producer in the country and fifth in total energy.

Most jobs in the state are in services such as government and education. Manufacturing and mining jobs have dropped significantly. As the state's median age gets older, health care is growing quickly and becoming the major job provider.

On the other hand, some obstacles still remain. West Virginia’s economy is one of the smallest in the U.S., and average income is low compared to other states. Most commercial farming is confined to a few counties, and most farmers work other jobs. The population is aging rapidly, and many rural areas still face generational poverty.

The roller coaster cycle of the coal industry has left behind a history of off-and-on work. The industry has created many jobs all at once and then laid off hundreds of miners at a time. The state is now trying to diversify with industries such as aerospace, automotive, and technology.

Natural gas production is growing fast, while coal jobs are shrinking overall as power plants switch fuels. COVID-19 hit the economy hard between 2020 and 2023, but jobs have since recovered. The state is focused on improving education, health, and internet access to attract new businesses, tourists, and residents.