Article Citations

Lewis, David Levering. W.E.B. DuBois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1993.

Quarles, Benjamin. Allies for Freedom: Blacks and John Brown. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.

Address to the Country. W.E.B. DuBois: A Reader. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1995.

Rudwick, Elliott M. The Niagara Movement. Journal of Negro History, July 1957.